Read, Hot and Digitized: The Library of Lost Books

December 4, 2024 urikolodney Leave a comment

Read, hot & digitized: Librarians and the digital scholarship they love — In this series, librarians from UTL’s Arts, Humanities and Global Studies Engagement Team briefly present, explore and critique existing examples of digital scholarship. Our hope is that these monthly reviews will inspire critical reflection of and future creative contributions to the growing fields of digital scholarship.

In 2019 I have written about Footprints, a project that aims to track the circulation of printed ‘Jewish books’ around the world as it is evidenced through provenance research.[1] The Library of Lost Books is a “citizen science” (aka crowd sourcing) international project that similarly to Footprints, aims to trace books looted by the Nazis from the library of the Higher Institute for Jewish Studies in Berlin (Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums) and track their journey around the world through provenance data. Operating from 1872 until it was closed down by the Nazis in 1942, the Higher Institute was dedicated to the study of Jewish history and culture, as well as rabbinical studies in Liberal Judaism.[2] The original library is reported to have around 60,000 volumes, but only around 5,000 of them have been rediscovered since the war. The Leo Baeck Institute for the Study of German-Jewish History and Culture in Jerusalem, with support from the German Foundation for Remembrance, Responsibility and Future (EVZ) and the German Ministry of Finance (BMF), has created this platform not only for the purpose of tracing the lost books, but also to commemorate and educate about the Higher Institute for Jewish Studies in Berlin, its scholars, and its students.

The Library of Lost Books website features a database, an interactive map, and an online exhibition detailing the history and legacy of the Higher Institute. A great place to begin is with “The story of the missing books” and its three chapters (with optional narration). Chapter one gives the background story of the Higher Institute, its founders, and its academic landscape. The Higher Institute represented a modern current within Judaism, namely Liberal Judaism, that emphasizes universal values — personal freedom, individuality, and social responsibility. Chapter two describes the last years of the Higher Institute before it was shut down. It shows a chronology of systematic discrimination according to the Nazi ideology, explains why and how the books were moved out of the library, and brings detailed biographies of students and employees, some of whom kept working at the library as forced laborers until their deportation to concentration camps, while others managed to escape. This chapter also details the rescue efforts of part of the books before 1942. Chapter three details the fate of the books after the war; it explains how they were transferred to [nowadays] the Czech Republic, or were scattered in various libraries in Berlin. Yet, some books were relocated to the United States or Russia.

The project owners are using “citizen science” (aka crowd sourcing) in their quest to identify the missing books. Users are encouraged to look at books in their local libraries or second-hand bookstores, cross-reference their findings with the virtual library, and share their findings through the platform, using a “lost and found” form. In order to support this provenance research, the project offers ‘hunting supplies’, including a detailed checklist that includes stamps, accession numbers, call numbers, and paper labels that might be found in or on the books. The goal is to virtually reunite the found books through the Library of Lost Books; the project owners specifically state that “physical copies will remain in their places where they were discovered, as that is also a part of their story.”[3]

The platform is also a teaching tool for educators. It includes learning units for students about pre-war Jewish life in Berlin, Nazi looting practices, provenance research, the importance of cultural heritage, and the roll of libraries in the pre-internet era. Besides English, all content on the platform has versions in German and Czech, as it is suspected that most of the books ended up in either Germany or the Czech Republic (although some were already located also in the United States, United Kingdom, and Israel).

From the database view, one could browse the few thousands of books that were already identified so far. Browsing options are by book titles/authors/publication year, by owners (past and present), and by individuals or institutions that found the books. Clicking on a book entry, one gets full tracing information: gallery of associated images, supportive provenance evidence, and a timeline of related events, showing how the book traveled through time and various owners. See for example the eventful life of the title Zekhor le-Avraham : sheʼelot u-teshuvot – through interactive map. This book was published in 1837 in Istanbul, acquired by the Higher Institute (year unknown), looted in 1942, salvaged after the war, resurfaced in Jerusalem (year unknown), acquired by a private donor for UCLA in 1963, and currently held by UCLA. Similarly, thousands of books that were looted from the Higher Institute resurfaced years after the war and are now reunited again in the virtual library of lost books.

Related resources:

Glickman, Mark, and Rachel Gould. Stolen Words : The Nazi Plunder of Jewish Books / Mark Glickman ; Designed by Rachel Gould. 1st ed. Philadelphia, [Pennsylvania: The Jewish Publication Society, 2016. Digital. https://search.lib.utexas.edu/permalink/01UTAU_INST/9e1640/alma991058395754406011

Rydell, Anders. The Book Thieves : The Nazi Looting of Europe’s Libraries and the Race to Return a Literary Inheritance / Anders Rydell ; Translated by Henning Koch. Trans. by Henning Koch. New York, New York: Viking, 2017. Print. https://search.lib.utexas.edu/permalink/01UTAU_INST/9e1640/alma991046059239706011

Peiss, Kathy Lee. Information Hunters : When Librarians, Soldiers, and Spies Banded Together in World War II Europe / Kathy Peiss. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. Digital. https://search.lib.utexas.edu/permalink/01UTAU_INST/9e1640/alma991058667683006011

[1] https://texlibris.lib.utexas.edu/2019/04/read-hot-and-digitized-footprints-the-chronotope-of-the-jewish-book/

[2] https://wienerholocaustlibrary.org/exhibition/the-library-of-lost-books/

[3] Citizen Science – Leo Baeck Institute

Artificial Intelligence, Services

Building a Bot: An Exploration of AI to Assist Librarians

November 30, 2024 tex libris Leave a comment

Recognizing the looming impact of artificial intelligence on the current landscape in higher education and libraries, the University of Texas Libraries has been experimenting with an AI-driven chatbot that could eventually augment library staff to ensure continuous availability of assistance at times when our staff are not available.

The project, which serves as a research initiative rather than a production service, explores the potential of artificial intelligence to enhance user experience.

This exploration has been spearheaded by Hannah Moutran, a recent graduate and Library Specialist, in coordination with Aaron Choate, the Director of Research & Strategy at the University of Texas Libraries.

Choate has been instrumental in organizing an AI interest group aimed at educating library, archives, and museum staff about the potential and applications of AI. Moutran, whose academic research has focused on AI implementations, was a perfect fit for leading the chatbot project, which emerged from discussions among the principals in the interest group.

The chatbot, envisioned as a backup for the “Ask a Librarian” service, is being tested to understand its capacity to provide uninterrupted assistance when human staff are unavailable. To build this system, Moutran analyzed chat logs from the fall 2022 semester, gaining insights into the types of questions users asked and the responses provided by librarians. This analysis revealed that users were often referred to other librarians, departments, or websites for more detailed information.

The chatbot’s development has been guided by a series of in-depth interviews with five librarians from the “Ask a Librarian” service. These interviews uncovered several design priorities for the AI system, including transparency about its nature and data usage, the accuracy of information provided, and alignment with the library’s mission of fostering human connections. Ethical considerations were front and center in the design, ensuring that users know when they are interacting with an AI rather than a human.

To address these concerns, the development team chose the Voiceflow platform and the Claude language model. This combination allows the chatbot to offer controlled responses by providing users with links to library resources rather than attempting to answer questions directly. The system also incorporates disclaimers, user memory, and predefined rules to ensure that the chatbot aligns with the library’s values and operates within ethical boundaries. It is a deliberate design choice meant to avoid the common pitfalls of AI-generated misinformation.

In addition to providing general library support, the team has integrated an AI flow specifically designed to assist users with research. This tool can help users brainstorm topic ideas, generate initial search links, and even provide citation and writing assistance. The AI can also connect users with specialized librarians based on the nature of their inquiry, giving a brief explanation of each librarian’s area of expertise to help guide users toward the most appropriate contact.

While the pilot project has shown promise, the developers are clear about the experimental nature of this tool. While it offers new ways to assist users, there is no immediate push to implement it in its current form. The focus is on exploration—understanding how AI might improve library services in the future, rather than rushing to deploy it as a finished product.

“This project isn’t about replacing human librarians,” explained Choate. “It’s about providing a tool that can fill gaps when staff aren’t available, allowing librarians to focus on more complex and human-centric tasks.”

One of the most significant aspects of this project is the freedom granted by the Libraries to experiment without the immediate pressure of launching a production service. This flexibility has allowed Moutran and Choate to focus on the chatbot’s ethical design and explore the long-term role AI might play in library services.

Presented by Moutran as a Capstone project for the School of Information, the chatbot has received valuable feedback from testers, highlighting the importance of trust and verification of AI-generated information. And her work with the chatbot has provided valuable insights into conversational design, user experience research, and prompt engineering.

As the chatbot continues to develop, the project remains a research initiative with the potential to reshape how libraries use AI. With a focus on transparency, ethics, and user support, the chatbot may one day serve as a supplementary tool for both users and librarians, increasing access to library services and freeing staff to focus on more complex inquiries.

Access the prototype: UT Libraries Assistant Chatbot Demo

Acquisitions/Foreign Travel, Benson Latin American Collection, Collections

Benson Acquisition: Augusto Roa Bastos Papers

November 25, 2024 Susanna Sharpe Leave a comment

The Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection is thrilled to announce the acquisition of the literary archives of César Vallejo and Augusto Roa Bastos, two giants of Latin American letters. These archives augment the Benson’s already significant collection of materials that represent the region’s writers, thinkers, and intellectual leaders, making the library, and the UT campus, an invaluable resource for students, faculty, and researchers from all corners of the globe.

By MELISSA GUY and DANIEL ARBINO

Paraguay’s most significant writer, Augusto Roa Bastos (1917–2005) is known for his contributions to the Latin American Boom and the post-dictatorship novel, particularly through his works Hijo de hombre (1960) and Yo el Supremo (1974). The latter is a historical fiction of the José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia dictatorship in the nineteenth century.

The book cover of a commemorative edition of "Yo, el Supremo" is a dark mustard-yellow and features a woodblock-print image of a black fist jutting across the page horizontally from the left. Falling from the hand is a large, bright-red drop of blood. — Cover of a commemorative edition of “Yo el Supremo,” published on the centennial of the author by the Real Academia Española.

Roa Bastos grew up in Iturbe, a provincial town where his father worked as an administrator on a sugar plantation. It was there that he was exposed to Guaraní, and developed a tremendous love for Paraguay’s most spoken Indigenous language. He later went to Asunción for his formative school years and, as a young man, served in the Chaco War as a medical auxiliary. Significant portions of his life were spent outside of Asunción, allowing the writer to have a deeper knowledge of the country at large.

Like the characters in Yo el Supremo, Roa Bastos was no stranger to the effects of dictatorship during his lifetime. In fact, he fled to Argentina in 1947 along with 500,000 other Paraguayans to escape the iron fist of President Higinio Morínigo. Roa Bastos would live over four decades in exile between Buenos Aires and Paris before returning to his homeland in 1989 after the fall of the Alfredo Stroessner dictatorship. However, his commitment to Paraguayan culture never wavered as his literary career, which produced short stories, novels, poetry, essays, screenplays, and children’s literature, demonstrated a commitment to the South American nation through his themes: collective memory, bilingualism (Guaraní/Spanish), and Indigeneity. His style, which pulled from magical realist and neobaroque tendencies, blended different time periods (pre-colonial and contemporary) to interrogate Paraguayan society.

Two yellowing sheets of paper side by side have a handwritten list with items numbered 1 through 42. The left-hand sheet is titled Índice (Index). Each line has a short title written in cursive by the author. — Handwritten index related to “Yo el Supremo.” Augusto Roa Bastos Papers, Benson Latin American Collection.

“In acquiring the literary archives of the great Paraguayan writer Augusto Roa Bastos, the Benson Latin American Collection is today blessed with the author’s handwritten notes relating to Yo el Supremo, one of the region’s most exorbitantly ambitious, baroquely virtuosic, groundbreaking novels of the late twentieth century,” writes Professor César A. Salgado of the Department of Spanish and Portuguese. “The novel was published in 1974 as part of an agreement among top Latin American Boom writers to produce ‘dictator novels’ that dissected authoritarian regimes in their respective countries. In a group that included Alejo Carpentier’s El recurso del método (1974), Gabriel García Márquez’s El otoño del patriarca (1975), and Carlos Fuentes’ Terra Nostra (1975), Yo el Supremo outdid these other immensely accomplished works by structuring its penetrating, thoroughly researched psychological portrait of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia (Paraguay’s undisputed ‘enlightened despot’ from 1811 to 1840) as it were a lively philosophical debate about how dictation, writing, literacy, orality (including Guaraní traditions), absolute power, and impermanence could be both complicit and antithetical to each other. If the ludological radicality of Rayuela galvanized the Boom in 1962, Yo el Supremo brought it to a close in 1974 by showing how deep-seated mechanisms of supremacist rule, set up at the start of nation formation in Latin America, could easily resurface across its history. With Yo el Supremo, Roa Bastos thus launched a fully postmodern critical and creative agenda for the region.”

A yellowing sheet of paper, heavily creased in the middle, bears both typed notes and handwritten notes. Some of the typed lines are scribbled over with wavy lines written in pen. The elegant handwritten part looks to be written with an ink pen. — Handwritten and typed notes titled “Themes for Paraguayan Stories,” Roa Bastos Papers. Courtesy Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection.

The Augusto Roa Bastos Papers is a versatile collection that spans the author’s career. It contains poetry, speeches, essays, correspondence, and manuscript drafts. Among the jewels of the collection are letters between the author and his daughter, Mirta Roa Mascheroni, and handwritten comments regarding Yo el Supremo and his novel Madama Sui. This collection provides researchers with profound insight into the writer’s life, particularly his time during exile, and his creative process from beginning to end. It pairs well with the Miguel Ángel Asturias Papers for similar topics regarding exile and the Boom.

The Roa Bastos acquisition was made possible in part by the Drs. Fernando Macías and Adriana Pacheco Benson Centennial Endowment.

Melissa Guy is director of the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection.

Daniel Arbino is former Head of Collection Development for the Benson.

Acquisitions/Foreign Travel, Archives, Benson Latin American Collection, Collections Highlight, Poetry

Benson Acquisition: César Vallejo Papers

November 25, 2024 Susanna Sharpe Leave a comment

The Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection is thrilled to announce the acquisition of the archives of César Vallejo and Augusto Roa Bastos, two giants of Latin American letters. These archives augment the Benson’s already significant collection of materials that represent the region’s writers, thinkers, and intellectual leaders, making the library, and the UT campus, an invaluable resource for students, faculty, researchers from all corners of the globe.

By ADELA PINEDA FRANCO

Peruvian poet César Vallejo (1892–1938) is considered one of the most significant figures in twentieth-century Latin American literature. Born in the Andean city of Santiago de Chuco, he moved to Lima as a young university student, producing there his first collection of poems, Los heraldos negros (1919). Seeking wider cultural and intellectual opportunities, Vallejo left Peru for Europe in 1923, spending most of his remaining fifteen years in self-imposed, impoverished exile in France, with periods in Spain and two trips to Russia. He died in Paris in 1938 at the age of 46.

Close-up black-and-white photograph of a man with dark hair, wearing a dark suit. He is resting his chin on one hand and looking into the distance. — César Vallejo, undated. Benson Latin American Collection.

Vallejo’s poetry has no precedent in the history of modern poetry. Written during a period that witnessed the crude consequences of war, imprisonment, and displacement (1919–1922), his avant-garde masterwork, Trilce (1922), challenges the reader with compelling paradoxes, abrupt syntactical turns, irregular spellings, rarefied lexicon, and verses arranged in unfamiliar visual displays.

However, this experimental register goes beyond the drive toward the new that was characteristic of the avant-garde movements. Vallejo’s poetic language is also a consequence of his search for the stark concrete expression of human affect. This is why in Trilce abstract notions of time, space, and being are conflated with raw emotions. No other poet has given shape to the silence that sustains the remembrance of things past with such precision:

Aguedita, Nativa, Miguel,
cuidado con ir por ahí, por donde
acaban de pasar
gangueando sus memorias
dobladoras penas,
hacia el silencioso corral, y por donde
las gallinas que se están acostando todavía,
se han espantado tanto.
Mejor estemos aquí no más.
Madre dijo que no demoraría.

“Poema III,” Trilce, 1922

[Find English translations of the poems cited here at https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520261730/the-complete-poetry]

César Vallejo in Fountainebleu, France, 1926. Courtesy Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection.

On the other hand, Vallejo’s poems embody the collective rather than the egotistical self. Familiar references are always a window into the vulnerability of human nature and the resilience of collective struggle, both in his homeland of Peru and in the entire world. A poem on the death of a soldier in the Spanish Civil War reads:

Pedro también solía comer
entre las criaturas de su carne, asear, pintar
la mesa y vivir dulcemente
en representación de todo el mundo.
Y esta cuchara anduvo en su chaqueta,
despierto o bien cuando dormía, siempre,
cuchara muerta viva, ella y sus símbolos.
¡Abisa a todos compañeros pronto!
¡Viban los compañeros al pie de esta cuchara para siempre!

“Solía escribir con su dedo grande en el aire,” España, aparta de mí este cáliz,1939

Vallejo’s oeuvre is thus an affective journey through the troublesome history of the twentieth century. Evidence of this is his posthumous poetry, which pertains to his last years in Europe: Poemas humanos (Human Poems), grouped under this title by his widow Georgette María Philippart Travers in 1937; and España, aparta de mí este cáliz (Spain, Take This Cup from Me,1939), his testament of the Spanish Civil War. Both collections are a centerpiece of the Benson’s recent acquisition.

A yellowed sheet of lined notebook paper, bearing three holes along the right side. The paper is filled top to bottom with Spanish words written in pencil, most of them with commas after them. — “Poemas humanos” manuscript, César Vallejo Papers. Courtesy Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection.

Beyond the recurring debate as to whether Human Poems is an appropriate title for this posthumous corpus, it is certain that these poems are an honest and critical reflection on the role of the lettered poet in a world charged with misery and human suffering:

Un albañil cae de un techo, muere y ya no almuerza
¿Innovar, luego, el tropo, la metáfora?

“Un hombre pasa con un pan al hombro,” Poemas humanos, 1937

Vallejo’s poems will always be contemporary, as they shed light on the devastating consequences of societal fragmentation, displacement, and exile. At the same time, his poems remind us of the need to keep longing for human empathy and love, even in times of war. We celebrate the arrival of Vallejo’s papers.

Al fin de la batalla,
y muerto el combatiente, vino hacia él un hombre
y le dijo: “No mueras, te amo tanto!”
Pero el cadáver ¡ay! siguió muriendo.

Se le acercaron dos y repitiéronle:
“No nos dejes! ¡Valor! ¡Vuelve a la vida!”
Pero el cadáver ¡ay! siguió muriendo.

Acudieron a él veinte, cien, mil, quinientos mil,
clamando: “Tanto amor, y no poder nada contra la muerte!”
Pero el cadáver ¡ay! siguió muriendo.

Le rodearon millones de individuos,
con un ruego común: “¡Quédate, hermano!”
Pero el cadáver ¡ay! siguió muriendo.

Entonces, todos los hombres de
la tierra le rodearon; les vio el cadáver triste, emocionado;
incorporóse lentamente,
abrazó al primer hombre; echóse a andar . . .

“Masa,” Poemas humanos, 1939

The César Vallejo Papers consist of materials dated from 1918 to 1992, and include manuscripts, drafts, correspondence, newspaper clippings, photographs, and some published copies of his written work.

This acquisition was funded in part by the Janet and Jack Roberts Peruvian Endowment.

Adela Pineda Franco is Lozano Long Endowed Professor in Latin American Literary and Cultural Studies, and director of the Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies (LLILAS) at The University of Texas at Austin. Biographical research on César Vallejo was contributed by Benson Exhibitions Curator Veronica Valarino.

Benson Latin American Collection, Fine Arts Library, Outreach, Zines

Another Successful Year at Lone Star Zine Fest

November 7, 2024 tinatran Leave a comment

The UT Libraries tabled at the 8th Annual Lone Star Zine Fest on October 19th and 20th. We Librarians were able to connect with the local community of zinesters through outreach as well as purchasing new materials for the collection.

What is a zine? To put it simply, a zine is a DIY publication, traditionally made on printer paper, meant to spread awareness of a particular issue or to find certain communities that share the same interests. Historically, zines have been used to bypass the barriers of traditional publishing, making them a speedy and inexpensive way to share information utilizing print materials.

The Blue Genie Art Bazaar (the site chosen to host the fest) was filled to the brim with zines that October Weekend. With over 100 vendors, we zine librarians had our work cut out for us. Not only did we table at the fest to promote UT’s free-to-read zine collection, we also prepared for purchasing and were eager to find new titles to add to the stacks.

Tabling at the fest brought a few new challenges. Last year’s fest ran for one day, while this year it grew into two. This is due to the huge success of the previous year’s event, with over 1000 people attending the fest. We spread the word to the UT Libraries community and received interest from fellow staff and graduate research assistants in assisting us with our outreach efforts. Having volunteers as extra eyes at the event proved to be more helpful than we thought. They brought back fabulous purchase suggestions as they perused the vendors throughout the building.

With pen and paper in hand, we scoured the building looking for locally-made zines that would add oomph to our current collection, such as comic zines for the Fine Arts Library and chapbooks for the PCL Poetry Center. We also looked for zines on topics that would resonate with students and could be added to our teaching toolkit for zine workshops we hold periodically throughout the year. Two of our favorite vendors – Chan Channel and Table for Two Publications – are alumni from the College of Fine Arts who often visited the Fine Arts Library. They were excited to meet us and thrilled to have their work represented in our zine collection for future art and design students. All in all, we purchased over 100 zines at the fest for the Libraries!

Our outreach at the Lone Star Zine Fest was a major success. We talked to over 400 attendees about the collection, surprising many with the fact that the UT Libraries are open to the public. Many expressed interest in visiting campus (we look forward to seeing y’all)! This concludes our sixth year tabling at the fest and we hope to continue to do so for many years to come.

Are you interested in learning more about the UT Zine Collection? Please visit our LibGuide here.

Global Studies, Illuminating Explorations

Illuminating Explorations: Israeli Cinema in the 20th Century

November 7, 2024 urikolodney Leave a comment

“Illuminating Explorations” – This series of digital exhibits is designed to promote and celebrate UT Libraries collections in small-scale form. The exhibits will highlight unique materials to elevate awareness of a broad range of content. “Illuminating Explorations” will be created and released over time, with the intent of encouraging use of featured and related items, both digital and analog, in support of new inquiries, discoveries, enjoyment and further exploration.

The Israeli Cinema in the 20^th Century exhibition provides a concise survey of Israeli cinema from its beginnings up until the end of the 20th century, while highlighting the UT Libraries Israeli Cinema & Film Collection. Teaching and learning through filmic content provide valuable insights into historical events, cultural contexts, social issues, and artistic expressions. Textual content documents the evolution of film theory, criticism, and production. By preserving this body of knowledge and the intellectual heritage of filmmakers, critics, and scholars, the collection supports the research of Israeli society through cinema and film.

This is the Land (Barukh Agadati, 1935) — *This is the Land* (Barukh Agadati, 1935)

The exhibition starts with a short overview of the filmic production in Israel from its beginnings in pre-1948 Palestine until the end of the 1990s. It then divides into five sections: the first describes early beginnings through the 1950s, while the remaining four sections are organized by decades (60’s, 70’s, 80’s, and 90’s). Each section describes cinematic trends or phenomena, and shows how historical events were analyzed through films in that period of time. From early beginnings (as early as 1911) the filmic production promoted the Zionist project, and later on, well into the early 1960’s, it was utilized to support and promote the heroic Israeli ethos of ‘a few against many.’ During the years, the Israeli cinema has matured; from the 1960’s and on, it moved away from the national narrative, and developed a more critical treatment of societal processes, while venturing into genres such as satire, comedy, experimental, and personal cinema. As the young state developed and experienced major military conflicts, political shifts, and social and demographic changes, filmmakers reacted to those events in their work, dealing with topics such as the Israeli-Arab conflict, ethnic tensions, and queer life experiences from a personal point of view.

Hill Halfon Doesn’t Answer (Assi Dayan, 1976) — *Hill Halfon Doesn’t Answer* (Assi Dayan, 1976)

While the exhibit highlights images of DVD covers from the Israeli Cinema & Film Collection, the broader collection includes many other items that could tell the story of Israeli cinema. UT Libraries collects everything that is or about Israeli cinema and film, including pre-1948 items, in all languages and in all formats. As would be expected, the collection is comprised of Audio-Visual content in various genres (features, documentaries, shorts, TV series) and on various media (VHS, DVD, streaming), but it also includes textual materials, either in print or digital, such as books, periodicals, film festival catalogs & programs, film screening programs, film school publications, original scripts, exhibition catalogs, promotional/commercial publications, theses and dissertations, instructional materials, film industry documentation, governmental reports, and ephemera. The entire collection is discoverable through the UT Libraries catalog.

Life according to Agfa (Assi Dayan, 1992) — *Life according to Agfa* (Assi Dayan, 1992)

Global Studies, Read Hot and Digitized

Read, Hot and Digitized: The Complex History of Bananas Depicted in Artistic Works

November 7, 2024 tinatran Leave a comment

The banana has been used in many forms of art, ranging from paintings to sculpture, and demonstrated its popularity in iconography throughout the years. Why are bananas so popular, both as a fruit and as a modern emoji? One digital exhibit seeks to spread context behind the banana by organizing visual depictions of the fruit through Latin American artworks.

Banana Craze, a bilingual digital research project created by Juanita and Blanca Solano and translated by Banana Link, showcases the dark past and present of the banana industry, and how it has shaped the regions affected by the plantations. The database is available for viewing in both Spanish and English.

Before the globalization of the banana, the fruit itself was hardly eaten outside of its native regions. As the United Fruit Company (now Chiquita) established plantations throughout Latin American countries and the Caribbean, bananas became a monoculture industry in itself, now being the number one sold fruit around the world.

The Banana Craze website itself is not only a visual spectacle, but it also features organizational tools so that the viewer can dive deeper into individual artists as well as explore the art on a timeline to provide historical context. For example, the images of this gold leafed banana plant can be found in Mariá José Argerenzio’s entry in the alphabetized index. Maria is an Ecuadorian artist who created the installation to emphasize the extraction of two major resources from Ecuador, bananas and gold, linking Spanish empire colonialism to more modern day practices that exacerbate the region’s environmental health and disparities in wealth.

The viewer can also explore the artworks by other subcategories, such as violences, ecosystems, and country location. Violences is one of the three thematic ways to view the website through the curatorial lenses of the exhibit creators. This framework exercises the function of a digital art exhibit, allowing viewers to explore the history of banana culture with selected artworks.

Building such an interactive online exhibit requires the use of a digital tool that is catered to accessible viewership. The meticulous metadata for each artwork blends seamlessly with each page, allowing me to search and view specific content, while keeping me immersed in the overall project. The multipage exhibits provide context and can function either as a digital archive or art database, depending on how I chose to begin my journey. I appreciated that I can view all the images and documents on the site without downloading any attachments. This provided for a seamless viewing experience.

The exhibit was a visual feast for the eyes. Its contrasting colors are electrifying, almost bordering on jarring, and produces an effective look as I went on to view the art and how they symbolize the practices that have affected the people, the land, and the traditions of Latin America and beyond.

Want to learn more about the history of bananas or protest art? Check out these resources from the UT Libraries:

D’Souza, A., Bright, P., & Lumumba, P. (2018). Whitewalling : art, race & protest in 3 acts. Badlands Unlimited.

Fassio, D., Seuret, F., & Abita, V. (2010). Banana wars: A presentation of Films for the Humanities & Sciences. Films for the Humanities and Sciences.

Koeppel, D. (2008). Banana : The fate of the fruit that changed the world. Hudson Street Press.

Mercurio, G., & Banksy. (2020). A visual protest : the art of Banksy. (English edition.). Prestel.

Portillo Villeda, S. G. (2021). Roots of resistance : A story of gender, race, and labor on the north coast of Honduras. (1st Ed.). University of Texas Press.

Tags: art, history, food

[1]

This is a fun blog post and a quirky yet incredible important interventional art project. Great work bringing it to everyone’s attention through this post, Tina!

Events, Open Access, Scholarly Communication

OA Week 2024 Recap

November 7, 2024 tex libris Leave a comment

Open Access Week 2024 at the University of Texas Libraries provided an engaging platform for exploring Open Access (OA) issues and celebrating community-focused approaches to knowledge sharing. With the theme Community over Commercialization, the week featured events, blog posts, and social media highlights aimed at fostering awareness of OA principles and practices.

A centerpiece event during the week was an informative panel on the evolving landscape of open access, addressing both faculty and student interests. The discussion focused on the importance of community-driven models and equitable access to research outputs.

The week’s blog posts at the Open Access blog served as a rich resource, covering topics like the “OA Initiatives Annual Report,” which celebrated the Libraries’ recent successes in supporting OA publishing and international partnerships, and “Theses, Dissertations, and Embargoes,” which offered guidance to students on managing access to their research. Another post on “Preprints” detailed how these early research outputs promote rapid knowledge sharing, and the final post, “Open Access Business Models,” discussed sustainable funding pathways for OA initiatives.

Throughout the week, the Libraries shared a series of social media posts to spotlight OA topics and resources, including a Sticker Shock price comparison, and a Highlighting Diverse Collections featuring open resources, which provided followers with easy-to-understand overviews and encouraged engagement with OA resources available through Libraries, as well as Tocker Open Education Librarian Heather Walter’s pithy meme-ified posts (1, 2, 3) that are a favorite with the Libraries’ more youthful followers.

In alignment with OA Week, the Libraries also announced “Important Changes Coming to Public Access for Federally Funded Research,” signaling a new phase in research accessibility. This announcement addressed policy updates stemming from the Office of Science and Technology Policy’s Nelson memo, outlining upcoming shifts in how federally funded research will be shared with the public, underscoring the Libraries’ role in helping researchers navigate these changes.

Together, these events, posts, and resources underscored the Libraries’ commitment to advancing open access and fostering a collaborative, community-oriented approach to scholarly communication. Open Access Week 2024 effectively highlighted the Libraries’ ongoing efforts to ensure that research is accessible and impactful for both the academic community and the broader public.

Benson Latin American Collection, Books, Global Studies, LLILAS Benson

Primeros Libros Triennial Takes Place in Oaxaca

November 6, 2024 tex libris Leave a comment

The 2024 Primeros Libros Triennial Partner Meeting and Symposium, held at the Francisco de Burgoa Library in Oaxaca on October 10–11, brought together scholars, librarians and cultural heritage experts to celebrate and examine the legacy of early Mexican printed books and their impact on understanding the colonial period.

The Primeros Libros de las Américas project is a collaborative digital initiative to preserve and provide access to the first books printed in the Americas during the 16th century. It emphasizes the creation of a comprehensive digital corpus to promote global access and scholarship. With contributions from institutions across Europe and the Americas, the project embodies the shared heritage of colonial Mexico and serves as a vital resource for understanding the history of print, culture and language in the New World.

Day 1 of the gathering opened with a keynote lecture, “The Christian Doctrine in Mixtec by Fray Benito Hernández (1567-1568): Its Historical and Current Context,” delivered by a panel of experts, including bilingual educators, psychologists, and philologists. The presentation highlighted efforts to preserve indigenous Mixtec texts through interdisciplinary research.

Panel discussions throughout the day explored the artistry and subversion in 16^th-century Mexican prints, including analyses of the unique Franciscan Library’s “Warnings for Indian Confessors” and the survival of anti-colonial Nahuatl codices.

A virtual presentation from the Biblioteca Statale di Lucca shed light on the discovery of rare early American prints in European collections, illustrating the transatlantic reach of colonial print culture.

The second day delved deeper into the lives of early printers, such as Pedro Ocharte and the Calderón family, with a spotlight on technological advances in printmaking during the colonial era. Discussions also explored the circulation and reception of printed works across the Americas, including a case study of an indigenous sacristan in Zacatecas who risked punishment to preserve knowledge.

The symposium also included a visit to the Juan de Córdova Research Library and concluded with a book presentation on the history of engraving in Mexican print. Scholars and participants hailed the event as a critical platform for fostering collaboration and preserving the shared heritage of the Americas.

For more information about Primeros Libros and ongoing preservation initiatives, visit primeroslibros.org.

Global Studies

NEH-Funded Project Pioneers AI Solutions for Spanish Colonial Texts

November 6, 2024 tex libris Leave a comment

Work on the “Unlocking the Colonial Archive” project – which was funded through the NEH/AHRC New Directions for Digital Scholarship in Cultural Institutions program, a collaborative initiative between the National Endowment for the Humanities and the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council – has been completed.

Dr. Kelly McDonough, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese, and Dr. Albert A. Palacios, LLILAS Benson Digital Scholarship Coordinator and lecturer in the School of Information, co-led the three-year initiative. With $149,915.00 in funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), the project has focused on transcribing digitized Spanish colonial materials in the Benson Latin American Collection and its post-custodial partners, addressing linguistic challenges in Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) technologies, and sharing innovative workflows with the scholarly community.

Key activities include the development of HTR models for Spanish calligraphic styles from the 16^th through the 18^th century, the establishment of a publicly accessible data repository for transcriptions of Benson collection materials, and the organization of paleography and digital humanities institutes that benefitted scholars from over 15 countries and 20 U.S. states.

Project dissemination has been extensive, with presentations and keynote speeches at conferences and institutions across Latin America and the United States, highlighting the use of artificial intelligence in historical research.

You can read more about the program activities here: https://apps.neh.gov/publicquery/AwardDetail.aspx?gn=HC-278116-21 and read the final project white paper here: https://hdl.handle.net/2152/129230.